Mastodon is an open-source social networking service that is decentralized, meaning there isn't a single entity controlling it. It consists of multiple independent servers (instances) that can communicate with each other.
Gab
Gab positions itself as a free speech platform. It's similar to Twitter but with a focus on allowing users to express themselves without fear of censorship.
Similar to Gab, Parler markets itself as a platform for free speech. It gained significant traction in 2020, attracting users who felt silenced or censored on other social media platforms
This platform emphasizes privacy and claims not to track users or sell their data to advertisers. It offers features similar to Facebook and Twitter, including groups, pages,
Like MeWe, Minds prioritizes user privacy and control over data. It also incorporates blockchain technology, rewarding users for engagement with tokens that can be exchanged for increased reach or withdrawn as cash.
Another decentralized social network, Diaspora allows users to connect with others based on shared interests. It's designed to give users control over their data by allowing them to host their own nodes.
While primarily known as a messaging app, Signal's group features allow for Twitter-like communication with a greater emphasis on privacy. It's end-to-end encrypted and doesn't collect user data for advertising purposes.